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2023

  • 3 min read

A Comparison of AWS Cognito vs. AWS IAM Identity Center

Today, I got a question from a consultant, who is really confused about AWS Cognito and AWS IAM Identity Center (successor to AWS Single Sign-On). They are both identity and access management (IAM) services offered by Amazon Web Services (AWS). Both services can be used to manage user identities and access to AWS resources. However, there are some key differences between the two services.

AWS Cognito

AWS Cognito is a service that helps you manage user identities for your web and mobile applications. It provides a variety of features, including:

  • User authentication and authorization
  • User sign-in and sign-up
  • Social media integration
  • Multi-factor authentication (MFA)
  • Identity federation
  • User profiling
  • Analytics

AWS Cognito is a good choice for applications that need to manage user identities and authentication independently of other AWS services. It is also a good choice for applications that need to integrate with social media or other identity providers.

AWS IAM Identity Center

AWS IAM Identity Center is a service that helps you manage sign-in security for your workforce identities. It provides a single place where you can create or connect workforce users and centrally manage their access across all their AWS accounts and applications. You can use AWS IAM Identity Center to:

  • Create and manage workforce identities
  • Connect to external identity providers
  • Centrally manage access to AWS accounts and applications
  • Implement MFA and other security features
  • Monitor user activity and audit access

AWS IAM Identity Center is a good choice for organizations that need to manage a large number of workforce identities and access to multiple AWS accounts and applications. It is also a good choice for organizations that need to implement strict security controls.

Comparison

The following table provides a comparison of AWS Cognito and AWS IAM Identity Center:

Feature AWS Cognito AWS IAM Identity Center
User authentication and authorization Yes Yes
User sign-in and sign-up Yes Yes
Social media integration Yes No
Multi-factor authentication (MFA) Yes Yes
Identity federation Yes Yes
User profiling Yes Yes
Analytics Yes Yes
Centralized access management No Yes
Workforce identity management No Yes
Support for external identity providers Yes Yes

AWS Cognito Security features: MFA, social login, identity federation AWS IAM Identity Center Security features: MFA, centralized access management, user activity monitoring, audit logging

Which service is right for you?

The best service for you will depend on your specific needs. If you need to manage user identities for your web and mobile applications, then AWS Cognito is a good choice. If you need to manage workforce identities and access to multiple AWS accounts and applications, then AWS IAM Identity Center is a good choice.

Here are some additional considerations:

  • AWS Cognito is a good choice for:
  • Applications that need to manage user identities and authentication independently of other AWS services
  • Applications that need to integrate with social media or other identity providers
  • Applications that need to support user profiling and analytics
  • AWS IAM Identity Center is a good choice for:
  • Organizations that need to manage a large number of workforce identities and access to multiple AWS accounts and applications
  • Organizations that need to implement strict security controls
  • Organizations that need to centralize access management

In short, Amazon Cognito is identity management solution for developers building B2C or B2B apps for their customers, which makes it a customer-targeted IAM and user directory solution. Whereas AWS SSO is focused on SSO for employees accessing AWS and business apps, initially with Microsoft AD as the underlying employee directory.

  • in zh
  • 1 min read

比較 AWS Cognito 與 AWS IAM Identity Center

今天，我收到一位顧問的問題，他對 AWS Cognito 和 AWS IAM Identity Center（AWS 單一登入的後繼者）感到非常困惑。它們都是亞馬遜網路服務（AWS）提供的身份和訪問管理（IAM）服務。兩種服務都可以用來管理用戶身份和訪問AWS資源。然而，这两种服务之间有一些关键的差异。

AWS Cognito

AWS Cognito 是一種幫助您管理網絡和移動應用程序的用戶身份的服務。它提供了各種功能，包括：

  • 用戶認證和授權
  • 用戶登入和註冊
  • 社交媒體整合
  • 多因素認證（MFA）
  • 身份聯邦
  • 用戶分類
  • 分析

AWS Cognito 是需要獨立於其他 AWS 服務管理用戶身份和認證的應用程序的好選擇。也是需要與社交媒體或其他身份提供者整合的應用程序的好選擇。

AWS IAM身份中心

AWS IAM 身份中心是一種幫助您管理工作力身份的登入安全的服務。 它提供了一個地方，您可以在其中創建或連接工作力用戶，並集中管理他們在所有 AWS 帳戶和應用程序中的訪問權限。 您可以使用 AWS IAM 身份中心來：

  • 創建和管理工作力身份
  • 連接到外部身份提供者
  • 集中管理對 AWS 帳戶和應用程序的訪問權限
  • 實施多因素認證和其他安全功能
  • 監控用戶活動並審核訪問

AWS IAM 身份中心對於需要管理大量工作力身份和訪問多個 AWS 帳戶和應用程序的組織來說是一個好選擇。 對於需要實施嚴格安全控制的組織也是一個不錯的選擇。

比較

以下表格提供了 AWS Cognito 和 AWS IAM 身份中心的比較：

功能 AWS Cognito AWS IAM身份中心
用戶認證與授權 Yes Yes
用戶登入與註冊 Yes Yes
社交媒體整合 Yes No
多因素認證（MFA） Yes Yes
身份聯邦 Yes Yes
用戶分類 Yes Yes
分析 Yes Yes
集中訪問管理 No Yes
工作力身份管理 No Yes
支持外部身份提供商 Yes Yes

AWS Cognito 安全特性: 多因素認證,社交登入,身份聯邦。 AWS IAM 身份中心安全特性: 多因素認證,集中訪問管理,用戶活動監視,審計記錄。

哪種服務適合你？

最適合您的服務將取決於您的具體需求。如果您需要管理您的網絡和移動應用程序的用戶身份，那麼 AWS Cognito 是一個好選擇。如果您需要管理工作力身份和對多個 AWS 帳戶和應用程序的訪問，那麼 AWS IAM 身份中心是一個好選擇。

這裡有一些額外的考慮因素：

  • AWS Cognito 是適合:
  • 需要獨立於其他 AWS 服務管理用戶身份和認證的應用程序
  • 需要與社交媒體或其他身份提供者整合的應用程序
  • 需要支援用戶分類和分析的應用程序
  • AWS IAM 身份中心是適合:
  • 需要管理大量工作力身份和訪問多個 AWS 帳戶和應用程序的組織
  • 需要實施嚴格安全控制的組織
  • 需要集中訪問管理的組織。

總的來說，Amazon Cognito 是為開發 B2C 或 B2B 應用程序的開發人員提供的身份管理解決方案，使其成為一種面向客戶的 IAM 和用戶目錄解決方案。 而 AWS SSO 專注於為訪問 AWS 和商業應用程序的員工提供 SSO，而底層員工目錄最初源自 Microsoft AD。

  • 4 min read

AWS Control Tower - A Secure and Governed Multi-Account Environment

Last weekend, I was taking the AWS Certified DevOps Engineer – Professional exam. One feature that I seldom got opportunity to practice is AWS Control Tower, which is a service that helps you set up and govern a secure, multi-account AWS environment. It provides a landing zone that is compliant with AWS best practices, and it includes a set of guardrails that help you prevent deviations from those best practices.

Control Tower is built on top of AWS Organizations, which provides a central place to manage your AWS accounts and resources. Control Tower extends Organizations by providing a number of additional features, including:

  • A landing zone template that you can use to create a new AWS environment that is compliant with AWS best practices.
  • A set of guardrails that help you prevent deviations from AWS best practices.
  • A centralized console for managing your landing zone and guardrails.
  • Integration with other AWS services, such as AWS Security Hub and AWS Systems Manager.

Control Tower is a good choice for organizations of all sizes, but it is especially well-suited for large organizations with complex AWS environments. It can help you to:

  • Improve your security posture by enforcing AWS best practices.
  • Reduce your risk of compliance violations by providing a landing zone that is compliant with AWS best practices.
  • Simplify the management of your multi-account AWS environment by providing a centralized console and a set of guardrails.

Benefits of using AWS Control Tower

There are a number of benefits to using AWS Control Tower, including:

  • Improved security posture: Control Tower helps you to improve your security posture by enforcing AWS best practices. For example, Control Tower can prevent you from creating IAM users with excessive permissions, or from launching EC2 instances in an unsecured manner.
  • Reduced risk of compliance violations: Control Tower provides a landing zone that is compliant with AWS best practices, which can help you to reduce your risk of compliance violations. For example, the Control Tower landing zone includes a number of security features that are required for PCI DSS compliance.
  • Simplified management of multi-account AWS environments: Control Tower provides a centralized console for managing your landing zone and guardrails. This can simplify the management of your multi-account AWS environment and help you to avoid errors.
  • Reduced costs: Control Tower can help you to reduce costs by preventing you from provisioning resources that you do not need. For example, Control Tower can prevent you from creating EC2 instances that are too large for your needs, or from launching unused EC2 instances.

Use cases for AWS Control Tower

AWS Control Tower can be used by organizations of all sizes, but it is especially well-suited for large organizations with complex AWS environments. Some common use cases for AWS Control Tower include:

  • Setting up a new AWS environment: Control Tower can be used to set up a new AWS environment that is compliant with AWS best practices. This can help organizations to avoid security risks and compliance violations.
  • Managing a multi-account AWS environment: Control Tower can be used to manage a multi-account AWS environment. This can help organizations to simplify the management of their AWS environment and avoid errors.
  • Improving security posture: Control Tower can be used to improve security posture by enforcing AWS best practices. This can help organizations to protect their AWS environment from security threats.
  • Reducing risk of compliance violations: Control Tower can be used to reduce the risk of compliance violations by providing a landing zone that is compliant with AWS best practices. This can help organizations to meet their compliance requirements.

Getting started with AWS Control Tower

To get started with AWS Control Tower, you will need to create an AWS account and sign in to the AWS Console. Once you are signed in, you can go to the AWS Control Tower console to create a new landing zone.

The process of creating a landing zone is relatively simple. You will need to choose a region for your landing zone and select a landing zone template. Control Tower provides a number of landing zone templates to choose from, including templates for specific industries and compliance requirements.

Once you have chosen a landing zone template, Control Tower will create the landing zone and deploy the necessary resources. (Be aware of the cost associated if you're just practicing.) This process can take some time to complete.

Once the landing zone has been created, you can start using it to provision and manage your AWS resources. You can use the AWS Control Tower console to manage your landing zone and guardrails, and you can use the other AWS services to provision and manage your AWS resources.

Conclusion

AWS Control Tower is a powerful service that can help you to set up and govern a secure, multi-account AWS environment. It is a good choice for organizations of all sizes, but it is especially well-suited for large organizations with complex AWS environments. By the way, I’m happy to share that I’ve obtained a new certification: AWS Certified DevOps Engineer – Professional from Amazon Web Services (AWS) https://www.credly.com/badges/d59230a5-c9bd-4d6f-8673-9e2613987d28/linked_in?t=s25m57

  • in zh
  • 1 min read

AWS Control Tower - 一個安全且受監管的多帳戶環境

上週末，我正在參加AWS認證的DevOps工程師 - 專業考試。我很少有機會實習的一個功能是AWS Control Tower，這是一項幫助您設置並管理安全的多帳戶AWS環境的服務。它提供了一個符合AWS最佳實踐的登陸區，並包括一套護欄，可以幫助您防止偏離這些最佳實踐。

Control Tower建立在AWS Organizations之上，它提供一個集中式的位置來管理您的AWS帳戶和資源。Control Tower通過提供一些額外的功能來擴展Organizations，包括：

  • 您可以用來創建符合AWS最佳實踐的新AWS環境的登陸區模板。
  • 一組護欄，可以幫助您防止偏離AWS的最佳實踐。
  • 一個集中化的控制台，用於管理您的登陸區和護欄。
  • 與其他AWS服務的集成，如AWS Security Hub和AWS Systems Manager。

對於各種規模的組織來說，Control Tower都是一個不錯的選擇，但對於具有複雜AWS環境的大型組織來說，它尤其適合，它可以幫助您：

  • 通過強制執行AWS的最佳實踐來提高您的安全狀態。
  • 通過提供符合AWS最佳實踐的登陸區，來降低違反合規性的風險。
  • 通過提供一個集中的控制台和一套護欄，簡化管理您的多帳戶AWS環境。

使用AWS Control Tower的好處

使用AWS Control Tower有一些好處，包括：

  • 改善的安全態度：Control Tower可以通過強制執行AWS的最佳實踐來幫助您改善安全態度。例如，Control Tower可以防止您創建具有過多權限的IAM用戶，或以不安全的方式啟動EC2實例。
  • 降低合規性違規的風險：Control Tower提供一個符合AWS最佳實踐的登陸區，可以幫助您降低合規性違規的風險。例如，Control Tower登陸區包括一些用於PCI DSS合規性的安全功能。
  • 簡化多帳戶AWS環境的管理：Control Tower提供一個用於管理登陸區和護欄的集中控制台。這可以簡化您的多帳戶AWS環境的管理，並幫助您避免錯誤。
  • 降低成本：Control Tower可以通過防止您提供不需要的資源來幫助您降低成本。例如，Control Tower可以防止您創建過大的EC2實例，或者啟動未使用的EC2實例。

AWS Control Tower的使用場景

AWS Control Tower可以由各種規模的組織使用，但對於具有複雜AWS環境的大型組織來說，它尤其適合。AWS Control Tower的一些常見使用場景包括：

  • 設置新的AWS環境：Control Tower可以用來設置符合AWS最佳實踐的新AWS環境。這可以幫助組織避免安全風險和合規性違規。
  • 管理多帳戶AWS環境：Control Tower可以用來管理多帳戶AWS環境。這可以幫助組織簡化他們的AWS環境管理並避免錯誤。
  • 改善安全態度：Control Tower可以用來通過強制執行AWS的最佳實踐來提高安全態度。這可以幫助組織保護他們的AWS環境免受安全威脅。
  • 降低違反合規性的風險：Control Tower可以用來通過提供符合AWS最佳實踐的登陸區來降低合規性違規的風險。這可以幫助組織滿足他們的合規性要求。

開始使用AWS Control Tower

要開始使用AWS Control Tower，您需要創建一個AWS帳戶並登錄到AWS控制台。一旦您登錄，您可以去AWS Control Tower控制台創建新的登陸區。

創建登陸區的過程相對簡單。你需要為登陸區選擇一個地區，並選擇一個登陸區模板。Control Tower提供多個登陸區模板供您選擇，包括針對特定行業和合規性要求的模板。

一旦您選擇了登陸區模板，Control Tower就會創建登陸區並部署必要的資源。(如果你只是在練習，要注意相關的成本。) 這個過程可能需要一些時間來完成。

創建登陸區後，您就可以開始使用它來分配和管理您的AWS資源。您可以使用AWS Control Tower控制台來管理您的登陸區和護欄，您可以使用其他AWS服務來分配和管理您的AWS資源。

結論

AWS Control Tower是一項強大的服務，可以幫助您設置並管理安全的多帳戶AWS環境。它適用於各種規模的組織，但尤其適合具有複雜AWS環境的大型組織。順便說一句，我很高興地分享我已獲得了新的認證：來自Amazon Web Services(AWS)的AWS認證DevOps工程師 - 專業。https://www.credly.com/badges/d59230a5-c9bd-4d6f-8673-9e2613987d28/linked_in?t=s25m57

  • 2 min read

A Comparative Overview of Imperative vs. Declarative API

When diving into software development, especially in the realm of building applications, we often come across the terms "imperative" and "declarative" programming. As we evolve our design paradigms and strive for more maintainable and intuitive code, the distinction between these two approaches becomes increasingly relevant. Particularly, this dichotomy is noticeable in the context of APIs (Application Programming Interfaces).

In this post, we’ll delve into the differences between imperative and declarative APIs, their strengths, weaknesses, and some use cases for both.

Imperative API

What is it? At the core of imperative programming lies the "how". It is all about detailing the steps needed to achieve a result. When an API is designed imperatively, it requires the user to specify how a certain task should be done.

Characteristics:

  • Step-by-step Instructions: Like a manual, the user must specify each step.
  • State Management: Often, the developer has to manage the state and consider the order of operations.
  • Low-level Control: Provides granular control over the logic and often offers more flexibility.

Example: Consider a painting application where the API is imperative:

brush.selectSize(5)
brush.pickColor("red")
canvas.drawStartAt(10, 10)
canvas.drawLineTo(20, 20)

Declarative API

What is it? Declarative programming focuses on the "what". It describes the desired outcome without necessarily detailing the steps to achieve it. When an API is designed declaratively, it takes a description of the desired result and figures out the steps needed.

Characteristics:

  • Outcome-Oriented: The user expresses the desired end state.
  • Automatic State Management: The system handles the state and order of operations.
  • Higher-level Abstraction: Can be less flexible than imperative but is often more concise.

Example: Continuing with the painting application, a declarative API might look like:

canvas.draw({
  shape: "line",
  color: "red",
  start: [10, 10],
  end: [20, 20],
  size: 5
})

Strengths and Weaknesses

Imperative API

  • Strengths: Fine-grained control, potentially more efficient for certain tasks, explicitness.
  • Weaknesses: Can be verbose, requires manual state management, higher cognitive load.

Declarative API

  • Strengths: Concise, automatic state management, easier to read and maintain.
  • Weaknesses: Might hide complexities, potentially less flexible, can be harder to debug due to abstraction.

When to Use Which?

  • Imperative: When you need complete control over the sequence of operations, or when performance optimizations necessitate a specific order of operations.
  • Declarative: When you want to simplify code, improve readability, or when the process is standardized enough that you don’t need to control every step.

In Conclusion

Whether you opt for an imperative or declarative approach in your API design largely depends on your specific use case, the audience of the API, and the nature of the tasks it encompasses. Remember, the goal of any API should be to offer an effective way for developers to interact with a system. Balancing simplicity with control will help ensure your API meets its intended purpose effectively.

  • in zh
  • 1 min read

指令式與宣告式 API 的比較概述

當我們深入軟體開發，特別是在建構應用程式的領域時，我們經常會遇到"指令式"和"宣告式"程式設計的術語。隨著我們演化我們的設計範疇並努力尋求更具維護性和直觀的代碼，這兩種方法之間的區別變得越來越重要。特別是，這種二元對立在API（應用程序編程接口）的情境中很明顯。

在這篇文章中，我們將探討指令式和宣告式API之間的差異，它們的優點、缺點，以及兩者的一些使用案例。

指令式 API

這是什麼？ 在指令式程式設計的核心是"如何"。它是關於詳述獲得結果所需要的步驟。當API被指令式地設計時，它要求使用者指定如何完成某項任務。

特性：

  • 一步一步的指示：如手冊，使用者必須指定每一步。
  • 狀態管理：開發人員通常需要管理狀態並考慮操作的順序。
  • 低級別控制：對邏輯提供細質控制並經常提供更多的靈活性。

例子： 考慮一個畫面應用程式，其中API是指令式的：

brush.selectSize(5)
brush.pickColor("red")
canvas.drawStartAt(10, 10)
canvas.drawLineTo(20, 20)

宣告式 API

這是什麼？ 宣告式程式設計專注於"什麼"。它描述了期望的結果，而不必詳述達到結果的步驟。當API被宣告式地設計時，它接收一個所期望結果的描述並計算所需的步驟。

特性：

  • 結果導向：使用者表達所期望的結束狀態。
  • 自動狀態管理：系統處理狀態和操作順序。
  • 高層抽象：可能不如指令式靈活，但通常更簡潔。

例子： 繼續用畫圖應用程式的例子，一個宣告式API可能會像這樣：

canvas.draw({
  shape: "line",
  color: "red",
  start: [10, 10],
  end: [20, 20],
  size: 5
})

優點和缺點

指令式 API

  • 優點：精細的控制，特定任務可能更有效率，明確性。
  • 缺點：可能冗長，需要手動管理狀態，認知負擔較高。

宣告式 API

  • 優點：簡潔，自動管理狀態，更易於閱讀和維護。
  • 缺點：可能隱藏複雜性，可能較不靈活，由於抽象可能更難除錯。

應該何時使用哪一種？

  • 指令式：当你需要對操作序列有完全控制，或當性能優化需要特定的操作順序。
  • 宣告式：當你想要簡化程式碼，提高可讀性，或者當流程是足夠標準化的，你不需要控制每一步。

總結

無論您選擇在API設計中採用指令式還是宣告式方法，這主要取決於您的特定用途，API的受眾，以及它包含的任務的性質。請記住，任何API的目標都應該是為開發人員提供一種有效的方式來與系統互動。平衡簡單性與控制力將幫助確保您的API能有效地達成其預定目標。

  • 4 min read

A Traveler's Guide to London

Last week, I was on a business trip to London, where I had previously stayed for a month on two separate occasions. It is a city that effortlessly weaves the old with the new, where iconic red buses, grand historical edifices, and the ultra-modern Shard stand together as a testament to the city's timeless appeal. As Samuel Johnson once said, "When a man is tired of London, he is tired of life." If you're about to embark on a journey to this magnificent city or are simply daydreaming about your next getaway, here's a snapshot of what London offers.

1. Time-Travel with London's Landmarks

The Tower of London: A fortress, a royal palace, and a prison, all rolled into one. Don't miss the Crown Jewels and the tales of the Beefeaters.

Westminster Abbey: A place of coronations, royal weddings, and final resting places for some of the world's greatest luminaries.

The Houses of Parliament & Big Ben: An iconic view from the South Bank or Westminster Bridge, especially at sunset.

Buckingham Palace: If you time your visit right, you can witness the Changing of the Guard.

2. Dive into London's Museums

Many of London's museums are free, and they house some of the world's most prestigious collections.

The British Museum: Witness the Rosetta Stone, the Elgin Marbles, and the Egyptian mummies.

The Tate Modern: This former power station on the South Bank is a haven for lovers of contemporary art.

The Natural History Museum: A favorite with families, it boasts of dinosaur skeletons and the captivating blue whale.

3. Wander the Streets and Parks

Covent Garden: This former market is now a buzzing hub of shops, restaurants, and street performers.

Camden Market: A haven for alternative fashions, delicious food stalls, and vibrant energy.

Hyde Park: Rent a paddleboat, or simply enjoy a leisurely stroll and perhaps a chance to listen to the lively debates at Speaker's Corner.

4. The River Thames and Beyond

The London Eye: A modern marvel, the giant Ferris wheel offers a panoramic view of the city.

Thames River Cruises: Get a different perspective of the city as you float past many of London's iconic landmarks.

Greenwich: Visit the Royal Observatory, stand on the Prime Meridian, and explore the maritime history at the National Maritime Museum.

5. Savor the Flavors

From the traditional English breakfast and fish and chips to cuisines from around the world, London's gastronomy scene is diverse and vibrant. Don't forget to enjoy a quintessential afternoon tea!

6. Theatre, Music, and Nightlife

West End: Catch a play or musical in London's theatre district.

Royal Opera House & The Royal Albert Hall: Experience world-class music and performances.

Pubs and Clubs: From historic pubs like The George or Ye Olde Cheshire Cheese to trendy nightclubs in Soho, London's nightlife is eclectic and always buzzing.

Travel Tips

  • Oyster Card: This smart card makes traveling on public transport, including the Tube and buses, convenient and economical. In fact, you can also use a Visa or Mastercard instead.
  • Walking Tours: A fantastic way to get to know the city and its history better.
  • Weather: London's weather can be unpredictable. Always have an umbrella at hand! It can also get cold in winter, so bring a jacket to stay warm.

In conclusion, London is a city that caters to every kind of traveler. Whether you're a history buff, an art aficionado, a foodie, or just someone looking to experience a vibrant city's energy, London beckons with open arms. So put on your walking shoes, tap your Oyster Card, and dive into the magic that is London! Safe travels!

  • in zh
  • 2 min read

倫敦旅行者指南

上週，我出差去了倫敦，這是我之前兩次各待了一個月的地方。倫敦是一個毫不費力地將新舊編織在一起的城市，那裡有標誌性的紅色公共汽車、宏偉的歷史性建築，以及超現代的 Shard 大樓共同證明了這座城市的經久不衰的魅力。正如塞繆爾·約翰遜曾經說過的，"當一個人對倫敦感到厭倦的時候，他就對生活感到厭倦了。" 如果你即將踏上前往這座宏偉城市的旅程，或者只是在夢想著你的下一次度假，這裡有一些倫敦可提供的內容的快照。

1. 與倫敦的地標一起時光旅行

倫敦塔: 是一座要塞、皇宮和監獄的綜合體。別錯過皇家珠寶和牛肉餅屋的故事。

西敏寺: 是冠冕、皇家婚禮，以及一些世界上最偉大的照明者的最後安息之地的地方。

國會大廈和大笨鐘: 在南岸或西敏寺橋上有一個標誌性的觀景點，特別是在日落時分。

白金漢宮: 如果你能把握住時間，就可以欣賞到皇家衛隊的交接儀式。

2. 深入倫敦的博物館

倫敦的許多博物館免費開放，並收藏有世界上最享有威望的藏品。

大英博物館: 看一看羅塞塔石碑、埃爾金大理石和埃及木乃伊。

泰特現代藝術館: 南岸的這家前電廠是當代藝術愛好者的避風港。

自然歷史博物館: 這裡是家庭的最愛，藏有恐龍骨骼和引人著迷的藍鯨。

3. 漫遊街頭和公園

科芬園: 這個昔日的市場現在已成為商店、餐廳和街頭表演者的熱鬧中心。

卡姆登市場: 這裡是另類時尚、美食攤位和充滿活力的能量的避風港。

海德公園: 租一把槳船，或者只是悠閒的散步，也許有機會在演講者的角落聽到激烈的辯論。

4. 泰晤士河及其周邊

倫敦眼: 這個現代的奇蹟，巨大的摩天輪提供了全城的全貌。

泰晤士河郵輪: 當你在倫敦的許多標誌性地標旁漂浮時，你會看到城市的不同角度。

格林威治: 前往皇家天文台，站在本初子午線上，並在國家海事博物館探索海事歷史。

5. 品嘗風味

從傳統的英式早餐和炸魚薯條，到來自世界各地的料理，倫敦的美食場景多樣化並充滿活力。別忘了享受一頓具有典型特色的下午茶！

6. 戲劇，音樂和夜生活

西區: 在倫敦的劇院區抓住一部戲劇或音樂劇。

皇家歌劇院和皇家阿爾伯特音樂廳: 體驗世界級的音樂和演出。

酒吧和夜店: 從像是喬治酒吧或古老的奶酪店，到蘇豪區的時尚夜店，倫敦的夜生活多元並且永不熄滅。

旅行秘訣

  • 牡蠣卡: 這張智能卡使搭乘包括地鐵和公共汽車在內的公共交通變得既方便又經濟。事實上，你也可以使用 Visa 或 Mastercard 代替。
  • 步行之旅: 這是更好地了解這座城市及其歷史的絕佳方式。
  • 天氣: 倫敦的天氣可能很難預測。始終準備一把傘！冬天可能會很寒冷，所以帶一件外套保暖。

總之，倫敦是一座迎合各種旅行者的城市。無論你是歷史愛好者、藝術鑑賞家、美食家，還是只是希望體驗充滿活力的城市的能量，倫敦都會張開雙臂歡迎你。所以穿上你的步行鞋，點一下你的牡蠣卡，並深入了解那就是倫敦的魔法！祝您旅途安全！

  • 3 min read

Ionic Framework - An Open-Source SDK for Hybrid Mobile App Development

Last week, I was building a prototype using ionic framework. In a digital age marked by a growing demand for versatile mobile applications, developers seek technologies that allow for the creation of high-performing, cross-platform apps. This is where the Ionic Framework steps into the limelight, offering a comprehensive open-source Software Development Kit (SDK) tailored for hybrid mobile app development. This blog post aims to delve deep into the nuances of the Ionic Framework, exploring its key features, benefits, and how it stands out in the competitive app development landscape.

Understanding Ionic Framework

Ionic Framework is a powerful, open-source SDK designed to enable developers to build high-quality mobile, desktop, and Progressive Web Apps (PWAs) using web technologies such as HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. With a focus on performance, standardization, and modularity, Ionic facilitates the creation of scalable and maintainable apps that run seamlessly across different platforms.

Key Features of Ionic Framework

  1. Cross-Platform Development:

  2. Ionic allows for the development of apps that are inherently cross-platform, meaning they can run on iOS, Android, and the web from a single codebase.

  3. Rich UI Components:

  4. The framework comes bundled with a plethora of pre-designed UI components and themes, which are customizable and platform-specific, ensuring a native-like look and feel.

  5. Capacitor:

  6. Ionic’s native runtime, Capacitor, enables developers to access native APIs, plugins, and device features, thereby bridging the gap between native and web app experiences.

  7. Angular Integration:

  8. Although it supports various frameworks, Ionic is predominantly known for its seamless integration with Angular, allowing developers to leverage Angular’s features and ecosystem.

  9. Performance:

  10. Ionic Framework is optimized for high performance, with minimal DOM manipulation, zero jQuery, and hardware-accelerated transitions.

  11. Developer-Friendly:

  12. With a focus on ease of use, Ionic offers a developer-friendly environment with a strong community, extensive documentation, and helpful CLI (Command Line Interface).

Benefits of Using Ionic Framework

  1. Cost-Effective:

  2. Since Ionic enables cross-platform app development from a single codebase, it significantly reduces development time and costs compared to native app development.

  3. Rapid Prototyping:

  4. The availability of pre-built components and a rich library of plugins allow for rapid prototyping and faster go-to-market times.

  5. Community and Support:

  6. Being open-source, Ionic has fostered a robust community of developers, contributors, and enthusiasts, ensuring peer support and continuous improvement of the framework.

  7. Ease of Learning:

  8. Developers familiar with web development languages like HTML, CSS, and JavaScript can easily pick up and start using Ionic, reducing the learning curve.

Case Studies: Using Ionic in the Real World

Several prominent companies have embraced Ionic for their app development needs. For instance, Sworkit, a fitness app with millions of users, leveraged Ionic to create a seamless, high-performing app experience across platforms. Similarly, Untappd, a social discovery app for beer enthusiasts, utilized Ionic’s capabilities to rapidly prototype and deploy their app, achieving substantial market success.

Conclusion

The Ionic Framework emerges as a compelling choice for developers aiming to craft high-quality, cross-platform applications. With its array of features, ease of use, and strong community support, Ionic is well-poised to continue its trajectory as a leading framework in the hybrid mobile app development sphere. Whether you are a seasoned developer or a beginner stepping into the world of app development, exploring the possibilities with Ionic Framework can be a rewarding journey.

Also, checkout out the final prototype I build: http://socialcompanion.victorleungtw.com/

  • in zh
  • 1 min read

Ionic框架 - 一種用於混合移動應用開發的開源SDK

上週，我正在使用ionic框架建立一個原型。在數字化時代，隨著多功能手機應用程序需求的增長，開發人員尋求允許創建高性能、跨平台應用程序的技術。這就是Ionic框架脫穎而出的地方，它提供了一種專為混合移動應用開發量身定做的全面開源軟件開發套件（SDK）。此博客文章的目標是深入探討Ionic框架的細節，探討其主要特點、優點，以及它在競爭激烈的應用開發領域中的優勢。

理解Ionic框架

Ionic框架是一個強大的開源SDK，旨在使開發人員能夠使用HTML，CSS和JavaScript等網頁技術構建高品質的移動、桌面和漸進式網頁應用程序（PWA）。Ionic專注於性能、標準化和模塊化，促進了在不同平台上順暢運行的可擴展和可維護應用的創建。

Ionic框架的主要特點

  1. 跨平台開發：

  2. Ionic允許開發天生就支持跨平台的應用程序，這意味著他們可以在iOS、Android和Web上運行，並且只需要一個共享代碼庫。

  3. 豐富的UI組件：

  4. 框架附帶了許多預設計的UI組件和主題，這些組件和主題是可定制並結合各平台特點的，確保了原生般的外觀和感覺。

  5. 電容器：

  6. Ionic的原生運行時電容器使開發人員能夠訪問原生API、插件和設備功能，從而彌合了原生應用程序和網頁應用程序體驗之間的差距。

  7. 與Angular的集成：

  8. 雖然它支援各種框架，但Ionic尤以其與Angular的無縫整合而聞名，使開發人員可以利用Angular的功能和生態系統。

  9. 性能：

  10. Ionic框架為高性能優化，具有最小的DOM操作，沒有jQuery，並且使用硬件加速的過渡。

  11. 對開發者友好：

  12. Ionic專注於易用性，提供了一個對開發者友好的環境，有強大的社區、詳盡的文檔和有用的CLI（命令行接口）。

使用Ionic框架的好處

  1. 成本效益：

  2. 由於Ionic使來自單一代碼庫的跨平台應用開發成為可能，與原生應用開發相比，它顯著減少了開發時間和成本。

  3. 快速原型化：

  4. 預建組件和豐富的插件庫的可用性使得快速原型化和更快的上市時間成為可能。

  5. 社區和支持：

  6. 作為開源的，Ionic培養了一個強大的開發人員、貢獻者和愛好者社區，確保了同行支持和框架的持續改進。

  7. 易於學習：

  8. 熟悉HTML、CSS和JavaScript等網頁開發語言的開發者可以輕鬆地接觸並開始使用Ionic，降低了學習曲線。

案例研究：在現實世界中使用Ionic

有幾家知名公司選擇使用Ionic來滿足他們的應用開發需要。例如，擁有數百萬用戶的健身應用程序Sworkit，利用Ionic在各個平台上創建了順暢、高性能的應用程序體驗。同樣的，針對啤酒愛好者的社交發現應用程序Untappd，利用Ionic的能力進行了快速的原型設計和部署他們的應用程序，並實現了可觀的市場成功。

結論

Ionic框架是那些希望創建高品質、跨平台應用程序的開發人員一個吸引人的選擇。憑藉其功能豐富、易於使用和強大的社區支持，Ionic設定了其在混合移動應用開發框架中的領先地位。無論你是經驗豐富的開發者，還是初步進入應用開發世界的初學者，探索Ionic框架的可能性都將是一次有益的旅程。

此外，也請查看我建立的最終原型：http://socialcompanion.victorleungtw.com/