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2024

揭示老年人貧困的現實

大家好!歡迎返到我哋嘅頻道。今日,我哋會分享《下游老人》呢本書嘅幾個關鍵要點。呢本書係由藤田孝典撰寫,探討咗日本老年人面臨嘅貧困問題,並提供咗深刻嘅社會分析。

首先,藤田孝典揭示咗“下游老人”嘅定義,即那些生活在基本生活保障水平線以下嘅高齡者,或者有此危險嘅老人。呢啲老人通常收入低、冇足夠嘅儲蓄,同時缺乏家庭和社會嘅支持。

第二,藤田指出,日本經濟長期低迷,加上高齡化問題,令很多老年人無法依靠退休金過活,甚至要重新工作。但由於就業市場競爭激烈,很多老人只能從事低薪同不穩定嘅工作。

第三,書中討論咗家庭結構改變對老年人嘅影響。傳統嘅家庭支持減少,尤其係喺現代社會中,越嚟越多老年人獨居,導致佢哋喺生活上缺乏必要嘅照顧同支持。

最後,藤田警告,呢種“下游老人”現象唔止影響當代嘅老年人,甚至可能延續到下一代。貧困嘅老人可能會拖垮家庭,令子女無法擔當應有嘅責任,形成一個惡性循環。

通過閱讀《下游老人》,我哋可以更好咁了解日本老年人面臨嘅嚴峻現實,同時警醒我哋要關注並解決老年人貧困問題。如果你覺得呢個視頻有幫助,請點贊、分享同訂閱我哋嘅頻道。多謝收睇!

智慧放棄的力量

大家好!歡迎返到我哋嘅頻道。今日,我哋會分享《Quit: The Power of Knowing When to Walk Away》呢本書嘅幾個關鍵要點。呢本書由Annie Duke撰寫,教我哋點樣運用「放棄」作為一種策略,達到更高嘅成功。

首先,Annie Duke指出,放棄並唔係失敗,而係一種戰略性嘅選擇。佢解釋咗點解我哋經常被「沉沒成本」嘅思維所束縛,繼續投入資源到已經失敗嘅計劃中,最終令我哋損失更大。

第二,佢介紹咗「殺手標準」嘅概念。呢個標準係指喺開始一個計劃前,預先設立一些指標,一旦達唔到呢啲指標,就應該考慮放棄。這樣可以幫助我哋更客觀咁判斷何時應該退出。

第三,Duke強調,放棄嘅時機往往係未來成功嘅關鍵。佢分享咗多個真實案例,從攀登珠穆朗瑪峰嘅登山者,到創立Slack嘅企業家,展示咗喺正確時機放棄點樣帶嚟更大嘅成功。

最後,佢建議,我哋可以通過尋求「放棄教練」嘅幫助,來更好咁應對放棄嘅挑戰。呢啲教練可以提供客觀嘅意見,幫助我哋更明智咁做出決策。

通過閱讀《Quit: The Power of Knowing When to Walk Away》,我哋可以學到點樣將放棄變成一種力量,喺適當嘅時候做出正確嘅選擇。如果你覺得呢個視頻有幫助,請點贊、分享同訂閱我哋嘅頻道。多謝收睇!

The C4 Model for Visualising Software Architecture

Software architecture forms the backbone of any successful system, defining the structure and interactions among its components. However, effectively communicating architecture to various stakeholders—developers, business analysts, or executives—can often be challenging. The C4 Model, created by Simon Brown, provides a lightweight yet powerful framework for visualising software architecture in a structured and scalable way. This model offers a systematic approach across four levels of abstraction: Context, Container, Component, and Code.

The Context level captures the big picture, answering what the system does, its purpose, and how it interacts with external entities. This high-level overview is perfect for executives or non-technical stakeholders to understand the system’s scope and key interactions. For example, an e-commerce platform’s Context diagram might highlight interactions with customers, payment gateways, and shipping providers, offering a clear, broad understanding of the system's environment.

The Container level dives into the system’s building blocks, such as applications, services, and databases, and focuses on their communication mechanisms. This level is aimed at technical stakeholders who need to understand how the system is structured and how its components interact. Using the same e-commerce example, the Container diagram might showcase a web application, an order management backend service, and a database, along with their communication protocols.

At the Component level, the focus shifts to the internal workings of individual containers. This deeper level of abstraction highlights the key components, their responsibilities, and their interactions within a container. For instance, the order management service might have components like an Order Processor, Payment Integration Module, and Notification Service, detailing how they work together to process orders and notify customers.

The Code level offers the most granular view, delving into implementation details. While optional, this level can be useful for development teams requiring detailed insights into the source code structure, such as class diagrams or methods used within a specific module. Using UML or similar tools, this level can visualize the finer details, such as how an Order Processor class interacts with a database repository.

The C4 Model stands out because it provides clarity across stakeholders, ensuring that everyone, from executives to developers, can understand the architecture at the appropriate level of detail. It scales well for projects of varying sizes, maintains consistent communication through structured diagrams, and emphasizes abstractions that evolve logically from high-level context to low-level details. These characteristics make it an invaluable tool for teams aiming to align on architectural decisions.

Creating C4 diagrams can be facilitated by tools like Structurizr, PlantUML, or general diagramming platforms such as Lucidchart or Draw.io. Best practices for adopting the C4 Model include starting at the Context level before moving to deeper levels, keeping diagrams simple, using consistent notation, iterating with feedback, and documenting assumptions alongside the diagrams.

The C4 Model is a practical and effective way to communicate software architecture, ensuring alignment across technical and non-technical stakeholders. By layering abstraction and focusing on the essentials, it bridges the gap between complexity and clarity. Whether you’re a developer, architect, or technical leader, adopting the C4 Model can significantly improve how software systems are visualized and understood. Start using it in your projects to experience its benefits firsthand.

揭示中國崛起的真相

大家好!歡迎返到我哋嘅頻道。今日,我哋會分享《毛澤東之後的中國:一個強國崛起的真相》呢本書嘅幾個關鍵要點。呢本書由歷史學家馮客(Frank Dikötter)撰寫,深入分析咗中國從毛澤東去世到習近平上台之間嘅經濟同政治發展。

首先,馮客揭示,中國嘅經濟奇蹟唔係單純嘅成功故事,而係充滿矛盾和錯覺。雖然中國喺毛澤東之後取得咗驚人嘅經濟增長,但背後係嚴重嘅貧富差距同社會不平等。

第二,書中指出,中國政府喺推動經濟改革嘅同時,依然維持住強大嘅政治控制。經濟改革嘅主要目標唔係民主化,而係保持共產黨嘅權力壟斷。

第三,馮客強調,中國嘅經濟發展伴隨住大量嘅政治陰謀同權力鬥爭。從影子銀行到反腐運動,再到龐大的監控系統,呢啲都顯示出中國政府喺維持穩定同控制方面所付出嘅努力。

最後,馮客提醒讀者,要了解中國嘅真正發展,需要認清其社會和政治結構嘅複雜性。中國嘅經濟改革唔係簡單嘅市場化過程,而係一個充滿挑戰同轉變嘅旅程。

通過閱讀《毛澤東之後的中國:一個強國崛起的真相》,我哋可以更深入咁理解中國喺過去幾十年嘅發展歷程,同時睇清其背後嘅真相同挑戰。如果你覺得呢個視頻有幫助,請點贊、分享同訂閱我哋嘅頻道。多謝收睇!

C4 模型:可視化軟體架構

軟體架構是任何成功系統的核心,定義了其組件的結構及其互動方式。然而,向不同的利害關係人(如開發人員、業務分析師或高層管理人員)有效傳達架構信息往往是具有挑戰性的。由 Simon Brown 創建的 C4 模型,提供了一種輕量級但強大的框架,用於以結構化且可擴展的方式可視化軟體架構。該模型在四個抽象層次上提供系統化的方法:環境層(Context)容器層(Container)組件層(Component)程式碼層(Code)

環境層(Context)

環境層捕捉了系統的大圖景,回答了系統的功能、目的以及如何與外部實體互動的問題。這種高層次的概述非常適合高管或非技術相關的利害關係人,以了解系統的範圍和關鍵互動。例如,一個電子商務平台的環境圖可能會突出顧客、支付網關和運輸服務提供商的互動,清楚地呈現系統的環境與範圍。

容器層(Container)

容器層深入探討系統的構建模塊,例如應用程式、服務和數據庫,並關注它們的通訊機制。這一層面向需要了解系統結構及其組件如何交互的技術相關利害關係人。以同一個電子商務平台為例,容器圖可能會展示網頁應用、訂單管理後端服務以及數據庫及其通信協議。

組件層(Component)

組件層聚焦於個別容器的內部運作。這一層次的抽象突出了關鍵組件、其責任以及它們在容器內部的交互方式。例如,訂單管理服務可能包括“訂單處理器”、“支付整合模組”和“通知服務”等組件,詳細說明它們如何協作完成訂單處理並通知客戶。

程式碼層(Code)

程式碼層提供了最細緻的視圖,深入探討實現細節。雖然此層是可選的,但對於需要詳細了解源代碼結構(如類圖或特定模組中使用的方法)的開發團隊來說,它可能非常有用。使用 UML 或類似工具,可以可視化如“訂單處理器”類如何與數據庫倉儲進行交互等細節。

C4 模型的優勢在於,它在不同利害關係人之間提供了清晰的溝通,確保從高管到開發人員的所有人都能在適當的詳細程度上理解架構。它對不同規模的項目有良好的適應性,通過結構化圖表保持一致的溝通,並強調從高層次環境到低層次細節的抽象邏輯演進。這些特性使其成為團隊在架構決策上對齊的一個重要工具。

創建 C4 圖表的工具與最佳實踐

創建 C4 圖表可以使用 Structurizr、PlantUML 或通用圖表平台如 Lucidchart 或 Draw.io 等工具。採用 C4 模型的最佳實踐包括: - 從環境層開始,然後逐步深入。 - 保持圖表簡潔。 - 使用一致的符號。 - 結合反饋進行迭代。 - 與圖表一起記錄假設。

C4 模型是一種實用且有效的軟體架構溝通方式,能確保技術和非技術利害關係人之間的對齊。通過分層抽象並專注於要點,它在複雜性和清晰度之間建立了橋樑。無論您是開發人員、架構師,還是技術領導者,採用 C4 模型都可以顯著改善軟體系統的可視化和理解。開始在您的項目中使用它,親身體驗其帶來的好處吧!

生成式AI的風險與機會

大家好!歡迎返到我哋嘅頻道。今日,我哋會分享《Generative AI: The Insights You Need from Harvard Business Review》呢本書嘅幾個關鍵要點。呢本書由Harvard Business Review撰寫,探討咗生成式人工智能嘅風險、機會同如何應用喺日常生活和商業中。

首先,生成式人工智能唔只係提升生產力嘅工具,仲係創新嘅驅動力。書中指出,企業應該積極探索生成式AI,利用佢創造新嘅產品和服務。

第二,生成式AI可以大大改善知識工作,例如自動化重複性任務,讓人類可以專注於更複雜和創意性嘅工作。呢不但提升效率,仲可以帶嚟更高嘅工作滿足感。

第三,書中強調,喺應用生成式AI時,企業需要考慮道德問題,包括數據偏見同隱私問題。管理層應該制定清晰嘅政策和指南,確保技術嘅使用符合道德標準。

最後,生成式AI唔係萬能嘅,佢嘅成功取決於人類嘅監督和參與。企業需要培訓員工,確保佢哋能夠有效地使用和管理呢項新技術。

通過閱讀《Generative AI: The Insights You Need from Harvard Business Review》,我哋可以學到如何利用生成式人工智能嘅力量,創造更多機會同應對未來嘅挑戰。如果你覺得呢個視頻有幫助,請點贊、分享同訂閱我哋嘅頻道。多謝收睇!

Mastering Digital Leadership - Lessons on Lean Innovation and Continuous Learning from NUS-ISS

Last week, I completed the final presentation for the Master of Technology in Digital Leadership course at NUS-ISS, marking the end of an incredible two-year journey. This milestone reflects not only academic achievement but also a personal transformation. The lessons and insights gained during this program have been invaluable in shaping my understanding of leadership and innovation in a rapidly changing world.

One of the key takeaways from this journey is the importance of continuous learning and adapting to change. In today’s fast-moving technological landscape, innovation is not a one-time event but an ongoing process. Lean and experimentation principles have proven to be powerful tools for fostering innovation in any organization. These principles emphasize the need to test ideas quickly, learn from failures, and continuously improve. Organizations that embrace this approach can create long-term growth by unlocking the creativity and talent of their teams.

To drive meaningful innovation, it is essential to validate ideas early by engaging directly with customers. Asking simple but important questions—such as whether the problem is real, how it is being solved today, and whether a proposed solution is better—ensures efforts are focused on delivering real value. This approach minimizes wasted resources and increases the likelihood of success.

The program also highlighted that successful transformation begins with leadership. Leaders must inspire action, create space for experimentation, and encourage learning. Companies like GE and Airbnb have shown how fostering a culture of innovation and agility can lead to remarkable growth and resilience. Leadership drives change, but it also requires building systems and processes that make innovation a continuous and reliable effort.

As I reflect on this journey, I am reminded that the real challenge lies ahead. Technology and markets will keep changing, and organizations must develop the ability to adapt repeatedly. My goal is to apply these lessons to inspire teams, drive impactful changes, and build organizations that thrive on uncertainty and opportunity.

This two-year journey has been a transformative experience, but it is only the beginning. The commitment to learning, experimenting, and innovating will remain central to my approach as I embrace the challenges of the future.

科學揭示幸福的真諦

大家好!歡迎返到我哋嘅頻道。今日,我哋會分享《Happiness: Lessons from a New Science》呢本書嘅幾個關鍵要點。呢本書係由Richard Layard寫嘅,佢通過科學研究,揭示咗幸福嘅真正來源。

首先,Layard指出,雖然社會愈來愈富有,但人哋嘅幸福感卻冇隨之增加。佢認為,幸福唔單止來自物質,而係更多來自社會關係、心靈健康同工作滿足感。

第二,書中提到,減少焦慮和抑鬱對提升幸福感非常重要。心理健康係幸福嘅基礎,我哋應該重視心理健康嘅維護。

第三,Layard強調,慷慨和利他主義可以增加個人嘅幸福感。幫助他人唔單止令對方受益,仲可以帶嚟自己嘅滿足同快樂。

最後,佢提醒我哋,幸福唔係一時之間嘅狀態,而係一種持久嘅追求。保持積極嘅生活態度,培養興趣同愛好,係持續幸福嘅關鍵。

通過閱讀《Happiness: Lessons from a New Science》,我哋可以學到如何通過科學方法,實現更高嘅幸福感。如果你覺得呢個視頻有幫助,請點贊、分享同訂閱我哋嘅頻道。多謝收睇!

掌握數位領導力——來自NUS-ISS的精益創新與持續學習的啟示

上週,我完成了新加坡國立大學-資訊系統學院(NUS-ISS)數位領導力碩士課程的最終展示,標誌著這段令人難忘的兩年旅程的結束。這不僅是學術上的成就,更是一次個人的蛻變。在這個課程中學到的經驗和見解,對於在快速變化的世界中理解領導力和創新有著無比寶貴的作用。

這段旅程中最重要的收穫之一就是持續學習和適應變化的重要性。在當今快速發展的科技環境中,創新不再是一蹴而就的事件,而是一個不斷進行的過程。精益和實驗的原則已被證明是促進任何組織創新的強大工具。這些原則強調需要快速測試想法,從失敗中學習,並持續改進。那些擁抱這種方法的組織,能夠通過激發團隊的創造力和才能來實現長期增長。

為了推動有意義的創新,提前通過直接與客戶互動來驗證想法至關重要。詢問一些簡單但重要的問題——例如,這個問題是否真實存在?目前是如何解決的?所提出的解決方案是否更好?——能確保將精力集中於交付真正的價值。這種方法可以最大程度地減少資源浪費,並提高成功的可能性。

這個課程還強調了成功轉型的起點是領導力。領導者必須激勵行動,為實驗創造空間,並鼓勵學習。像通用電氣(GE)和Airbnb這樣的公司展示了如何通過培養創新和敏捷的文化來實現顯著的增長和韌性。雖然領導力是變革的推動者,但它也需要建立系統和流程,確保創新成為一個持續且可靠的努力。

回顧這段旅程,我深刻地意識到真正的挑戰還在前方。科技和市場將不斷變化,組織必須具備不斷適應的能力。我的目標是運用這些經驗教訓,啟發團隊,推動有影響力的變革,並建立在不確定性與機遇中蓬勃發展的組織。

這兩年的旅程是一段改變人生的經歷,但這僅僅是開始。對學習、實驗和創新的承諾,將繼續作為我迎接未來挑戰的核心方法。

如何掌握風險和機會

大家好!歡迎返到我哋嘅頻道。今日,我哋會分享《Same as Ever: Timeless Lessons on Risk, Opportunity and Living a Good Life》呢本書嘅幾個關鍵要點。呢本書係由Morgan Housel寫嘅,佢通過多個短篇故事,揭示咗人生中風險、機會同美好生活嘅永恆道理。

首先,Housel強調,了解歷史上唔變嘅人類行為對預測未來非常有用。通過認識這些不變嘅行為模式,我哋可以更好咁管理風險同抓住機會。

第二,書中提到,機會經常喺最不顯眼嘅地方出現。我哋需要保持開放嘅心態,樂於嘗試新事物,才能發現並抓住這些機會。

第三,Housel提醒我哋,生活中嘅許多挑戰和機會,其實都係一再重複嘅。只要我哋學會從過去嘅經驗中吸取教訓,就能更好咁應對未來嘅不確定性。

最後,佢強調,過上美好生活嘅關鍵係保持簡單同真誠。無論係面對風險定係機會,都要保持自己嘅價值觀同信念,唔好為咗短期利益而迷失自我。

通過閱讀《Same as Ever》,我哋可以學到如何通過認識不變嘅道理,來更好咁應對風險、抓住機會,同時過上美好嘅生活。如果你覺得呢個視頻有幫助,請點贊、分享同訂閱我哋嘅頻道。多謝收睇!