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深入探討智利的創業生態系統

回顧過去,我對智利的旅行感到非常滿意。雖然從香港飛行超過30小時,並且要應對時差讓人感到有挑戰性,但這次冒險確實值得。我學到了很多東西,不僅在正式的環境中,也通過聰明和教育性的討論。這次旅行豐富了我對創業生態系統、B類公司和創業精神的理解。

智利的創業生態系統確實令人矚目。在我的訪問中,我了解到聖地亞哥是以籌集到的資金規模來看的第六大風險資本中心。其與巴西的鄰近,這個重要的市場,使它成為在拉丁美洲啟動業務的理想地點。巴西和阿根廷共同占該區域生態系統的82%的總價值,並代表超過80%的區域生態系統。許多成功的創業公司,如Mercado Libre、Despegar.com和Arch Daily,要么模仿來自其他國家的成功業務模式,要么是世界首創。儘管地理位置偏遠,像Lunna、Bluesmart、Poliglota、Recorrido.cl和Destacama這樣的智利公司在國際間有強烈的存在感。"Chilecon Valley"的增長,得到了政府的支援,給我留下了深刻的印象。

其中一個特別打動我的討論圍繞著B類公司。我非常認同社會影響力和可持續性的理念。當我有機會與一家風險資本公司的總經理交談時,我發現他更優先考慮快速的盈利能力和商業的可行性。他對B類公司有一種有趣的視角,認為在社會("B")和公司("corp")兩個方面之間找到平衡是有挑戰性的。我同意他的觀點,因為這與我自己對於開發長期商業模式的複雜性的經驗相吻合。

回顧我的旅程,我注意到智利與香港的主要文化差異在於居民的創業精神。在香港,大多數畢業生都希望找到一份有著良好收入和穩定工資的安全工作。相比之下,2008年只有12%的智利人自己創業。香港政府對創業場景的支持有限,因為其大部分GDP都集中在金融服務和房地產上,而且幾乎沒有多元化。相反,智利政府對Startup Chile計劃投入了大量資金,該計劃支持每十家企業中的兩家。

儘管智利的經濟主要基於銅礦產業,但政府進行了大量投資以進口創業者,以多元化經濟並改善人們長期的生活品質。與在智利視失敗為學習機會的文化相比,香港的文化更加地風險規避。

我有興趣在智利開業,並已經在Startup Chile計劃下申請了一年的簽證。在接觸Fundacion Mi Parque後,我考慮創建一家專業為非營利組織(NGOs)提供技術諮詢的公司。我們生活在一個數位的世界,技術被用於革新傳統行業。但是,許多NGO可能沒有資源來聘請IT人員來構建他們的網站、手機應用程式或者客戶關係管理(CRM)工具。如果我可以獲得政府的資金和捐款,我計劃幫助這些NGO建立在線存在感,從而降低他們每筆捐款的成本並增加他們對社會的影響力。

我追求MBA的主要原因之一是找到平衡技術和業務的解決方案。我相信技術本身只是一種工具,並不足以獨立解決問題。它需要項目管理、跨部門技能和能力來擴展業務操作的混合。根據演講者的說法,智利在服務出口方面排名第37,其中IT佔服務出口行業的28%。此外,智利在數位化方面位於世界第7,擁有一些最好的程式員。我看到在智利建立IT諮詢公司並與香港的創業社區創造協同效應的巨大機會。我在智利的國際經驗給了我新的視角,我繼續尋找答案。

Upgrade AppMon from Version 6.5 to 7.1

I am working on upgrading Dynatrace AppMon from version 6.5 to 7.1. AppMon is a performance data gathering tool trusted by many clients; it assists developers in troubleshooting issues within applications. This version upgrade includes new features and a new UI dashboard. Below are the steps to guide you through the process:

First, it's important to consult the system requirements for hardware and the operating system. System Requirements April 2018. For example, if you're running a legacy Java Virtual Machine (JVM), the help desk may not be able to assist you with issues. Make sure you have a 64-bit client and sufficient disk space.

Additionally, move the session storage location out of the installation directory before starting. It's recommended to back up both the session storage and configuration data. Be sure to consult the component compatibility matrix Component Compatibility beforehand.

Second, install the new AppMon 7.1 version. For Linux, run the command:

java -jar dynatrace-full-7.1.0.1803-linux-x86–64.jar

Then deactivate and upgrade the licenses. This will place your server into a grace period before shutting it down.

Click on the "Upgrade" button for the license.

And for the vouchers as well:

Third, shut down the old version 6.5 collector, server, and front-end server. This would be an ideal time to create backups, including those for the Performance Warehouse DB and Session Store.

Fourth, use the migration tool that can be downloaded from here.

Run the command:

java -jar dynatrace-migration.jar -migration -sourceDTHome "<DT_HOME_OLD>" -targetArchiveDir "<ARCHIVE_DIR>"

Here, DT_HOME_OLD is the old AppMon installation path and ARCHIVE_DIR is the backup directory. Note that on a Windows machine, administrator rights are needed to perform this step.

Next, move the backup files to the new 7.1 installation using the command:

java -jar dynatrace-migration.jar -migration -sourceArchive "<ARCHIVE_DIR>/<MIGRATION_ARCHIVE>" -targetDTHome "<DT_HOME_NEW>"

Where ARCHIVE_DIR/MIGRATION_ARCHIVE is the location of the ./dtma file and DT_HOME_NEW is the path for the new Dynatrace 7.1 installation.

Then register and auto-start any additional collector instances.

Fifth, start the new components like the collector and the front-end server.

The client migration step can usually be skipped, and you can activate licenses for the new servers:

Finally, double-check the settings on the server to ensure that the Performance Warehouse and session storage have been migrated and connected.

It's also recommended to restart and update the agent. Last but not least, check and validate that everything is working as expected.

Please let me know if you have any questions.

Upgrade AppMon from Version 6.5 to 7.1

Hello and welcome to another episode of Continuous Improvement, the podcast where we explore tips and strategies to enhance your professional journey. I'm your host, Victor, and today we will be discussing the process of upgrading Dynatrace AppMon from version 6.5 to 7.1.

Dynatrace AppMon is a powerful performance data gathering tool that many professionals rely on for troubleshooting applications. This version upgrade not only brings new features but also introduces a new user interface dashboard.

So, let's dive in!

Before you begin the upgrade process, it's crucial to consult the system requirements. Ensure that your hardware and operating system meet the necessary specifications. You can find the latest system requirements for AppMon in our blog post titled "System Requirements April 2018".

Additionally, make sure you have a 64-bit client and sufficient disk space. If you're using a legacy Java Virtual Machine (JVM), please note that our help desk may not be able to assist you with any potential issues.

Now, let's get to the steps you need to follow for a successful upgrade.

Step one: Move the session storage location out of the installation directory. It's highly recommended to back up both the session storage and configuration data before proceeding. For detailed instructions, refer to the component compatibility matrix available on our website.

Step two: Install the new AppMon 7.1 version. For Linux users, the installation command is "java -jar dynatrace-full-7.1.0.1803-linux-x86–64.jar". This command will get you started on the upgrade journey.

Now, it's time to deactivate and upgrade the licenses. This process ensures a smooth transition to the new version. Remember to click on the "Upgrade" button for the license and vouchers as well.

Step three: It's time to shut down the old version 6.5 collector, server, and front-end server. This is an excellent opportunity to create backups, including those for the Performance Warehouse DB and Session Store. Don't overlook this step to safeguard your data.

Moving on to step four: You will need to utilize the migration tool for a seamless upgrade experience. You can find the download link for the migration tool in our blog post. Once downloaded, execute the following command: "java -jar dynatrace-migration.jar -migration -sourceDTHome "" -targetArchiveDir "". Please note that on a Windows machine, you'll require administrator rights for this step.

After executing the migration command, move the backup files to the new 7.1 installation using the command: "java -jar dynatrace-migration.jar -migration -sourceArchive "/" -targetDTHome "". In this command, represents the location of the .dtma file, and denotes the path for the new Dynatrace 7.1 installation.

Step five: Register and auto-start any additional collector instances you may have. This ensures a smooth transition to the upgraded version.

Finally, start the new components such as the collector and the front-end server. You can skip the client migration step in most cases and proceed to activating licenses for the new servers. Remember to double-check the settings on the server to ensure that both the Performance Warehouse and session storage have been migrated and connected.

As a final step, it's always a good idea to restart and update the agent. This helps to ensure compatibility and optimal performance. Don't forget to thoroughly test and validate that everything is working as expected.

And there you have it! The step-by-step guide to upgrading Dynatrace AppMon from version 6.5 to 7.1. If you have any questions or need further assistance, please feel free to reach out. We're here to help.

Thank you for tuning in to this episode of Continuous Improvement. I'm your host, Victor, signing off. Stay tuned for more exciting episodes coming your way!

將 AppMon 從版本 6.5 升級到 7.1

我正在將Dynatrace AppMon從版本6.5升級到7.1。AppMon是許多客戶信任的效能數據收集工具;它幫助開發者在應用系統中解決問題。此版本升級包括新功能和新的UI儀表板。以下是指導你完成此過程的步驟:

首先,重要的是要諮詢硬體和作業系統的系統需求2018年4月系統需求。例如,如果你在運行一個過時的Java虛擬機(JVM),幫助台可能無法協助你解決問題。確保你有一個64位的客戶端和足夠的磁盤空間。

此外,在開始之前,將會話存儲位置移出安裝目錄。建議備份會話存儲和配置數據。務必在此之前諮詢元件兼容性矩陣元件兼容性

其次,安裝新的AppMon 7.1版本。對於Linux,運行命令:

java -jar dynatrace-full-7.1.0.1803-linux-x86–64.jar

然後停用並升級許可證。這將在關閉它之前把你的服務器放在一個寬限期內。

點擊許可證的“升級”按鈕。

以及優惠券的升級按鈕:

第三,關閉舊版6.5的收集器、服務器和前端服務器。這將是創建備份的理想時機,包括性能倉庫數據庫和會話存儲的備份。

第四,使用這裡下載的移植工具。

運行命令:

java -jar dynatrace-migration.jar -migration -sourceDTHome "<DT_HOME_OLD>" -targetArchiveDir "<ARCHIVE_DIR>"

此處,DT_HOME_OLD是舊版AppMon的安裝路徑,ARCHIVE_DIR是備份目錄。請注意,在Windows機器上,需要管理員權限才能執行此步驟。

接著,使用以下的命令將備份檔案移動到新的7.1安裝版:

java -jar dynatrace-migration.jar -migration -sourceArchive "<ARCHIVE_DIR>/<MIGRATION_ARCHIVE>" -targetDTHome "<DT_HOME_NEW>"

其中,ARCHIVE_DIR/MIGRATION_ARCHIVE./dtma檔案的位置,DT_HOME_NEW則是新Dynatrace 7.1安裝的路徑。

然後註冊並自動啟動任何額外的收集器實例。

第五,啟動新的元件,例如收集器和前端服務器。

客戶端移植步驟通常可以跳過,並且您可以為新的伺服器啟動許可證:

最後,再次檢查伺服器上的設定以確保性能倉庫和會話存儲已被遷移並連接。

還建議重新啟動並更新代理。最後但並非最不重要的,檢查並確認所有的東西都按預期運行。

如有任何問題,請告訴我。

AWS Cognito User Pools with Mobile SDK for iOS Using Custom Challenge

I recently integrated an AWS Cognito User Pool into an iOS application. The sign-in feature utilizes a custom challenge for authentication. However, there is limited documentation on how to use the iOS SDK for this purpose. After several trials and errors, I finally succeeded in signing in. Below are the steps to accomplish this:

Step 1: Create a CognitoUserPool

In the AppDelegate, after didFinishLaunchingWithOptions, the user pool is initialized as follows:

func application(_ application: UIApplication, didFinishLaunchingWithOptions launchOptions: [UIApplication.LaunchOptionsKey: Any]?) -> Bool {

  // Set up service configuration
  let serviceConfiguration = AWSServiceConfiguration(region: CognitoIdentityUserPoolRegion, credentialsProvider: nil)

  // Create pool configuration
  let poolConfiguration = AWSCognitoIdentityUserPoolConfiguration(clientId: CognitoIdentityUserPoolAppClientId, clientSecret: nil, poolId: CognitoIdentityUserPoolId)

  // Initialize user pool client
  AWSCognitoIdentityUserPool.register(with: serviceConfiguration, userPoolConfiguration: poolConfiguration, forKey: AWSCognitoUserPoolsSignInProviderKey)

  // Fetch the user pool client we initialized in the above step
  let pool = AWSCognitoIdentityUserPool(forKey: AWSCognitoUserPoolsSignInProviderKey)

  self.storyboard = UIStoryboard(name: "Main", bundle: nil)

  pool.delegate = self

  return true
}

Step 2: Implement the Protocol Delegate

extension AppDelegate: AWSCognitoIdentityCustomAuthentication {

  func didCompleteStepWithError(_ error: Error?) {

  }

  func getCustomChallengeDetails(_ authenticationInput: AWSCognitoIdentityCustomAuthenticationInput, customAuthCompletionSource: AWSTaskCompletionSource<AWSCognitoIdentityCustomChallengeDetails>) {

  }

  func startCustomAuthentication() -> AWSCognitoIdentityCustomAuthentication {
    if self.navigationController == nil {
      self.navigationController = self.storyboard?.instantiateViewController(withIdentifier: "signinController") as? UINavigationController
    }

    if self.signInViewController == nil {
      self.signInViewController = self.navigationController?.viewControllers[0] as? SignInViewController
    }

    DispatchQueue.main.async {
      self.navigationController!.popToRootViewController(animated: true)

      if !self.navigationController!.isViewLoaded || self.navigationController!.view.window == nil {
        self.window?.rootViewController?.present(self.navigationController!, animated: true, completion: nil)
      }
    }

    return self.signInViewController!
  }
}

Step 3: Handle the Custom Challenge Inside the Sign-In View Controller

extension SignInViewController: AWSCognitoIdentityCustomAuthentication {

  func getCustomChallengeDetails(_ authenticationInput: AWSCognitoIdentityCustomAuthenticationInput, customAuthCompletionSource: AWSTaskCompletionSource<AWSCognitoIdentityCustomChallengeDetails>) {

    let authDetails = AWSCognitoIdentityCustomChallengeDetails(challengeResponses: ["USERNAME": "YourUserName", "ANSWER": "123456"])
    customAuthCompletionSource.set(result: authDetails)
  }

  public func didCompleteStepWithError(_ error: Error?) {
    DispatchQueue.main.async {
      if let error = error as? NSError {
        print("error")
      } else {
        print("success")
        self.dismiss(animated: true, completion: nil)
      }
    }
  }
}

Step 4: Access User Attributes After Successful Sign-In

self.user?.getDetails().continueOnSuccessWith { (task) -> AnyObject? in
  DispatchQueue.main.async(execute: {
    self.response = task.result

    // Display user details
    print(response)
  })

  return nil
}

If you have any questions, please feel free to ask. I hope AWS updates the documentation and provides sample code to make it easier to understand the SDK without having to resort to trial and error.

AWS Cognito User Pools with Mobile SDK for iOS Using Custom Challenge

Welcome back, everyone, to another episode of Continuous Improvement, the podcast where we explore various challenges and solutions encountered in the world of technology. I'm your host, Victor, and today we'll be diving into the topic of integrating an AWS Cognito User Pool into an iOS application.

A couple of weeks ago, I faced this very challenge while working on an iOS app. The sign-in feature required a custom challenge for authentication, but I found that there was limited documentation available on how to use the iOS SDK for this purpose. After a series of trials and errors, I finally managed to crack the code and get it working. Today, I'll be sharing the steps I took to accomplish this, hoping to make it easier for others facing a similar situation.

[SFX TRANSITION]

Step one involves creating a Cognito User Pool. In the AppDelegate, after didFinishLaunchingWithOptions, I initialized the user pool as follows:

[CODE EXAMPLE]

Here, we set up the service configuration and create the pool configuration using the appropriate values. Initializing the user pool client is crucial, and we fetch the initialized user pool client for later use. Additionally, don't forget to set the delegate of the user pool to self.

[SFX TRANSITION]

Step two involves implementing the protocol delegate. This is done through an extension of the AppDelegate class that conforms to the AWSCognitoIdentityCustomAuthentication protocol.

[CODE EXAMPLE]

Inside this extension, we implement three functions: didCompleteStepWithError, getCustomChallengeDetails, and startCustomAuthentication. These functions play a crucial role in handling the custom authentication flow. The startCustomAuthentication function ensures that the sign-in view controller is presented to the user when custom authentication is required.

[SFX TRANSITION]

Step three takes us inside the sign-in view controller. We need to handle the custom challenge within this view controller, and we do so by extending the SignInViewController class to conform to AWSCognitoIdentityCustomAuthentication.

[CODE EXAMPLE]

As you can see, we implement the getCustomChallengeDetails function, where we provide the necessary challenge responses. This is where the user's username and answer are set.

[SFX TRANSITION]

Lastly, step four allows us to access the user attributes after a successful sign-in. After the user signs in, we can use the following code snippet to retrieve and display their details.

[CODE EXAMPLE]

By calling getDetails on the user object, we can fetch the user's details and display them accordingly.

[SFX TRANSITION]

And there you have it—a simplified walkthrough of integrating an AWS Cognito User Pool with custom authentication into an iOS application. While the lack of documentation can be frustrating, I hope the steps I've provided will help save you some time and effort.

[SFX TRANSITION]

As always, if you have any questions or need further clarification on any of the steps, please feel free to reach out to me. We can chat about it on Twitter using the handle @ContinuousImp, or you can visit our website, ContinuousImprovementPodcast.com, to access additional resources.

That's it for today's episode of Continuous Improvement. Thank you for tuning in, and remember, no matter how challenging the journey, the key is to keep improving. Until next time!

使用自訂挑戰的AWS Cognito用戶池與iOS的Mobile SDK

我最近將一個AWS Cognito用戶池整合到一個iOS應用程式中。登入功能使用自訂挑戰進行認證。然而,關於如何使用iOS SDK達到此目的的文件資料很有限。在多次嘗試和失敗後,我終於成功登入。以下是達成此目的的步驟:

步驟1:建立一個CognitoUserPool

AppDelegate中,完成didFinishLaunchingWithOptions後,用戶池如下所示初始化:

func application(_ application: UIApplication, didFinishLaunchingWithOptions launchOptions: [UIApplication.LaunchOptionsKey: Any]?) -> Bool {

  // Set up service configuration
  let serviceConfiguration = AWSServiceConfiguration(region: CognitoIdentityUserPoolRegion, credentialsProvider: nil)

  // Create pool configuration
  let poolConfiguration = AWSCognitoIdentityUserPoolConfiguration(clientId: CognitoIdentityUserPoolAppClientId, clientSecret: nil, poolId: CognitoIdentityUserPoolId)

  // Initialize user pool client
  AWSCognitoIdentityUserPool.register(with: serviceConfiguration, userPoolConfiguration: poolConfiguration, forKey: AWSCognitoUserPoolsSignInProviderKey)

  // Fetch the user pool client we initialized in the above step
  let pool = AWSCognitoIdentityUserPool(forKey: AWSCognitoUserPoolsSignInProviderKey)

  self.storyboard = UIStoryboard(name: "Main", bundle: nil)

  pool.delegate = self

  return true
}

步驟2:執行協定代表

extension AppDelegate: AWSCognitoIdentityCustomAuthentication {

  func didCompleteStepWithError(_ error: Error?) {

  }

  func getCustomChallengeDetails(_ authenticationInput: AWSCognitoIdentityCustomAuthenticationInput, customAuthCompletionSource: AWSTaskCompletionSource<AWSCognitoIdentityCustomChallengeDetails>) {

  }

  func startCustomAuthentication() -> AWSCognitoIdentityCustomAuthentication {
    if self.navigationController == nil {
      self.navigationController = self.storyboard?.instantiateViewController(withIdentifier: "signinController") as? UINavigationController
    }

    if self.signInViewController == nil {
      self.signInViewController = self.navigationController?.viewControllers[0] as? SignInViewController
    }

    DispatchQueue.main.async {
      self.navigationController!.popToRootViewController(animated: true)

      if !self.navigationController!.isViewLoaded || self.navigationController!.view.window == nil {
        self.window?.rootViewController?.present(self.navigationController!, animated: true, completion: nil)
      }
    }

    return self.signInViewController!
  }
}

步驟3:在登入視圖控制器中處理自訂挑戰

extension SignInViewController: AWSCognitoIdentityCustomAuthentication {

  func getCustomChallengeDetails(_ authenticationInput: AWSCognitoIdentityCustomAuthenticationInput, customAuthCompletionSource: AWSTaskCompletionSource<AWSCognitoIdentityCustomChallengeDetails>) {

    let authDetails = AWSCognitoIdentityCustomChallengeDetails(challengeResponses: ["USERNAME": "YourUserName", "ANSWER": "123456"])
    customAuthCompletionSource.set(result: authDetails)
  }

  public func didCompleteStepWithError(_ error: Error?) {
    DispatchQueue.main.async {
      if let error = error as? NSError {
        print("error")
      } else {
        print("success")
        self.dismiss(animated: true, completion: nil)
      }
    }
  }
}

步驟4:成功登入後存取用戶屬性

self.user?.getDetails().continueOnSuccessWith { (task) -> AnyObject? in
  DispatchQueue.main.async(execute: {
    self.response = task.result

    // Display user details
    print(response)
  })

  return nil
}

如果你有任何問題,請隨時提問。我希望AWS能更新文檔,並提供範例代碼,以便在不需要透過試驗和錯誤的情況下理解SDK。

Managing Your Boss

In traditional top-down organizations, managing your boss involves a conscious effort to collaborate with upper-level management for mutually beneficial outcomes. Effective managers allocate time and resources to managing not only their subordinates but also their superiors. Failing to do so can be costly.

Personality clashes are just the tip of the iceberg. According to a Gallup poll, half of all employees in the United States leave their jobs because of issues with their bosses. More concerning are the flawed assumptions and expectations that subordinates often have about their managers. Effective management of this relationship requires both parties to be mutually reliant.

Managers often need support and cooperation from their subordinates to accomplish tasks efficiently. Some mistakenly believe they can be self-reliant and dismiss the role their superiors play in organizational integration. It's unrealistic to expect that a boss will automatically know what support an employee needs. Effective managers understand this and take the initiative in their own professional development.

Successfully managing this interdependent relationship requires a deep understanding of both your own and your boss's strengths, weaknesses, work styles, and needs. To prevent conflicts and misunderstandings, you should understand your boss's goals, pressures, and blind spots. Effective managers actively seek this information and use it to create a work environment that accommodates both parties.

Self-reflection can also enhance your understanding of the dynamics between you and your boss. Generally, subordinates are more reliant on their superiors than vice versa. This dependency can lead to negative emotions or even rebellious behavior, a psychological response referred to as counter-dependency. An imbalance of power favoring the boss is often a main contributor to poor management.

In contrast, some subordinates suppress their frustrations and blindly follow their boss's flawed decisions. This can be equally detrimental, perpetuated by cultural myths like the notion that "Father Knows Best," as popularized by the TV show of the same name. Recognizing these extremes can help you understand the implications of your relationship with your boss, whether it's counter-dependent or over-dependent, and take corrective action.

Once you have a clear understanding of both your needs and those of your boss, you can develop a mutually beneficial working relationship. Research shows that increased engagement in various forms correlates with several positive organizational outcomes, including individual job performance and customer satisfaction. Subordinates can adjust their communication styles to match their bosses' preferences.

Effective communication of mutual expectations is also crucial. Instead of assuming that their boss will clearly state their expectations, subordinates should take the initiative to ask. Similarly, they should make their own expectations known to their bosses. Maintaining an open channel for sharing both positive news and concerns—even when the boss might not want to hear them—helps build trust.

Consistency is key. While committing to optimistic deadlines may please your boss in the short term, failing to meet them will lead to dissatisfaction. Establishing trust is essential for smooth delegation of tasks and responsibilities.

Managing your relationship with your boss demands time and effort, but the investment pays off by preempting potential issues. It's wise to use your boss's time efficiently, focusing on significant matters rather than minor details. Ultimately, the quality of your relationship with your boss significantly impacts what you can achieve in an organization.

Managing Your Boss

Welcome back to another episode of "Continuous Improvement," the podcast where we explore strategies and insights for personal and professional growth. I'm your host, Victor, and today we'll be diving into the often overlooked aspect of managing your boss.

In traditional top-down organizations, managing your boss involves a conscious effort to collaborate with upper-level management for mutually beneficial outcomes. Effective managers allocate time and resources to managing not only their subordinates but also their superiors. Failing to do so can be costly.

Personality clashes are just the tip of the iceberg. According to a Gallup poll, half of all employees in the United States leave their jobs because of issues with their bosses. More concerning are the flawed assumptions and expectations that subordinates often have about their managers. Effective management of this relationship requires both parties to be mutually reliant.

Managers often need support and cooperation from their subordinates to accomplish tasks efficiently. Some mistakenly believe they can be self-reliant and dismiss the role their superiors play in organizational integration. It's unrealistic to expect that a boss will automatically know what support an employee needs. Effective managers understand this and take the initiative in their own professional development.

Successfully managing this interdependent relationship requires a deep understanding of both your own and your boss's strengths, weaknesses, work styles, and needs. To prevent conflicts and misunderstandings, you should understand your boss's goals, pressures, and blind spots. Effective managers actively seek this information and use it to create a work environment that accommodates both parties.

Self-reflection can also enhance your understanding of the dynamics between you and your boss. Generally, subordinates are more reliant on their superiors than vice versa. This dependency can lead to negative emotions or even rebellious behavior, a psychological response referred to as counter-dependency. An imbalance of power favoring the boss is often a main contributor to poor management.

In contrast, some subordinates suppress their frustrations and blindly follow their boss's flawed decisions. This can be equally detrimental, perpetuated by cultural myths like the notion that "Father Knows Best," as popularized by the TV show of the same name. Recognizing these extremes can help you understand the implications of your relationship with your boss, whether it's counter-dependent or over-dependent, and take corrective action.

Once you have a clear understanding of both your needs and those of your boss, you can develop a mutually beneficial working relationship. Research shows that increased engagement in various forms correlates with several positive organizational outcomes, including individual job performance and customer satisfaction. Subordinates can adjust their communication styles to match their bosses' preferences.

Effective communication of mutual expectations is also crucial. Instead of assuming that their boss will clearly state their expectations, subordinates should take the initiative to ask. Similarly, they should make their own expectations known to their bosses. Maintaining an open channel for sharing both positive news and concerns—even when the boss might not want to hear them—helps build trust.

Consistency is key. While committing to optimistic deadlines may please your boss in the short term, failing to meet them will lead to dissatisfaction. Establishing trust is essential for smooth delegation of tasks and responsibilities.

Managing your relationship with your boss demands time and effort, but the investment pays off by preempting potential issues. It's wise to use your boss's time efficiently, focusing on significant matters rather than minor details. Ultimately, the quality of your relationship with your boss significantly impacts what you can achieve in an organization.

And that brings us to the end of this episode of "Continuous Improvement." I hope you found these insights on managing your boss valuable for your professional growth. Remember, by actively managing this crucial relationship, you can create a positive work environment and achieve greater success.

Thank you for tuning in, and don't forget to subscribe to our podcast for more discussions on continuous improvement. Until next time!

管理你的老闆

在傳統的自上而下的組織中,管理你的老闆需要有意識地與上層管理合作以達到雙贏的結果。有效的管理者不僅需要花時間和資源管理他們的下屬,也需要管理他們的上級。不這樣做的代價可能會很高。

性格的衝突只是冰山一角。根據一項蓋洛普公司的調查,美國有一半的員工是因為與他們的老闆有問題而辭職。更令人擔心的是下屬對於他們的經理有著錯誤的假設和期望。有效地管理這種關係需要雙方互相依賴。

經理們經常需要他們的下屬的支持和合作才能有效地完成任務。有些人誤以為他們可以自給自足,忽視了他們的上級在組織整合中的作用。期望老闆會自動知道員工需要什麼支援是不切實際的。有效的經理人明白這一點,並主動參與他們自己的職業發展。

成功地管理這種相互依賴的關係需要深入理解你自己和你的老闆的優點,弱點,工作風格和需求。為了防止衝突和誤解,你應該理解你的老闆的目標,壓力和盲點。有效的經理會主動尋找這些信息並用來創建一個適應雙方的工作環境。

自我反思也可以加深你對於你和你的老闆之間的動態的理解。一般來說,下屬對於他們的上級的依賴程度比上級對下屬的依賴程度要大。這種依賴性可以導致負面的情緒甚至反叛行為,這被稱為反依賴。權力偏向老闆的不平衡往往是糟糕管理的主要原因。

相反,有些下屬會壓抑他們的挫折感並盲目地遵從他們老闆的錯誤決定。這同樣會造成很大的傷害,被文化神話如“父親最懂”(一個電視節目的名稱)所加強。認識到這些極端可以幫助你理解你與你的老闆的關係的影響,無論是反依賴還是過度依賴,並採取糾正行動。

一旦你對你自己和你的老闆的需求有了清楚的理解,你就可以發展一種互利的工作關係。研究顯示,增加各種形式的投入與一些正面的組織結果有關,包括個人的工作表現和顧客滿意度。下屬可以調整他們的溝通風格以匹配他們的老闆的偏好。

對於雙方期望的有效溝通也是至關重要的。下屬應該主動問老闆的期望,而不是假設老闆會清楚地表達他們的期望。同樣,他們應該讓老闆知道他們自己的期望。保持一個分享好消息和擔憂的開放渠道——即使老闆可能不願意聽到——有助於建立信任。

一貫性是關鍵。雖然短期內承諾樂觀的期限可能會讓你的老闆高興,但是未能達到期限會導致不滿。建立信任對於順利地委派任務和責任至關重要。

管理與你的老闆的關係需要時間和努力,但是投資的回報是預先防止可能的問題。明智的做法是有效地使用你的老闆的時間,專注於重要的事情而不是細節。最終,你與你的老闆的關係的質量將顯著影響你在組織中可以實現的成就。